History of the Second Amendment

History of the Second Amendment In the wake of going essentially unchallenged for over 100 years, the privilege of Americans to claim firearms has created as one of today’s most sultry policy driven issues. The focal inquiry remains: does the Second Amendment apply to singular residents? Weapon Rights Before the Constitution In spite of the fact that still British subjects, pioneer Americans thought about the option to carry weapons as important for satisfying their normal option to safeguard themselves and their property. Amidst the American Revolution, the rights that would later be communicated in the Second Amendment were as a rule unequivocally remembered for early state constitutions. The Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776, for instance, expressed that â€Å"the individuals reserve an option to carry weapons for the protection of themselves and the state.† 1791: The Second Amendment Is Ratified The ink had scarcely dried on the approval papers before a political development was embraced to change the Constitution to announce weapon possession as a particular right. A select advisory group gathered to audit changes proposed by James Madison wrote the language that would turn into the Second Amendment to the Constitution: â€Å"A all around directed civilian army, being important to the security of a free express, the privilege of the individuals to keep and remain battle ready, will not be infringed.† Before sanction, Madison had alluded to the requirement for the correction. Writing in Federalist No. 46, he differentiated the proposed American central government to European realms, which he censured as being â€Å"afraid to confide in the individuals with arms.† Madison proceeded to guarantee Americans that they could never need to fear their administration as they had the British Crown, in light of the fact that the Constitution would guarantee them â€Å"the favorable position of being armed.†Ã¢ 1822: Bliss v. Region Brings 'Singular Right' Into Question The Second Amendment’s plan for singular Americans originally came into question in 1822â in Bliss v. Federation. The legal dispute emerged in Kentucky after a man was prosecuted for conveying a blade hid in a stick. He was sentenced and fined $100. Joy bid the conviction, refering to an arrangement in the commonwealth’s constitution that expressed, â€Å"The right of the residents to remain battle ready with regards to themselves and the state, will not be questioned.† In a larger part vote with only one appointed authority contradicting, the court upset the conviction against Bliss and managed the law unlawful and void. 1856: Dred Scott v. Sandford Upholds Individual Right The Second Amendment as an individual right was asserted by the U.S. Preeminent Court in its Dred Scott v. Sandfordâ decision in 1856. The nation’s most noteworthy court opined on the aim of the Second Amendment just because with the privileges of slaves being referred to, composing that managing slaves the full privileges of American citizenship would incorporate the privilege â€Å"to keep and convey arms any place they went.† 1871: NRA Is Founded The National Rifle Association was established by a couple of Union fighters in 1871, not as a political campaign yet inâ an exertion to advance the firing of rifles. The association would develop to turn into the substance of Americas ace firearm campaign in the twentieth century. 1934: National Firearms Act Brings About First Major Gun Control The principal significant exertion to kill private responsibility for accompanied the National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA). An immediate reaction to the ascent of criminal viciousness when all is said in done and the St. Valentine’s Day slaughter specifically, the NFA tried to go around the Second Amendment by controlling guns through an assessment extract $200 for each firearm deal. The NFA focused on completely programmed weapons, short-dashed shotguns and rifles, pen and stick firearms, and different guns characterized as â€Å"gangster weapons.† 1938: Federal Firearms Act Requires Licensure ofDealers The Federal Firearms Act of 1938 required thatâ anyone selling or delivery guns must be authorized through the U.S. Division of Commerce. The Federal Firearms License (FFL) specified that weapons couldn't be offered to people indicted for specific wrongdoings. It necessitated that dealers log the names and addresses of anybody to whom they sold weapons. 1968: Gun Control Act Ushers in New Regulations Thirty years after America’s first clearing change of firearm laws, the death of President John F. Kennedy helped introduce new government enactment with wide-running ramifications. The Gun Control Act of 1968 disallowed mail-request deals of rifles and shotguns. It expanded permit prerequisites for venders and widened the rundown of people restricted from claiming a gun to incorporate sentenced criminals, tranquilize clients, and the intellectually clumsy. 1994: TheBrady Act and Assault Weapons Ban Two government laws passed by a Democrat-controlled Congress and marked by President Bill Clinton in 1994 turned into the sign of firearm control endeavors inâ the later twentieth century. The principal, the Brady Handgun Violence Protection Act, required a five-day sitting tight period and personal investigation for the offer of handguns. It likewise ordered production of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. The Brady Act had been prodded by the shooting of press secretary James Brady during John Hinckley Jr.s endeavored death of President Ronald Reagan on March 30, 1981. Brady endure however was left somewhat incapacitated because of his injuries. In 1998, the Department of Justice revealed that the presale individual verifications had obstructed an expected 69,000 unlawful handgun deals during 1997, the principal year the Brady Act was completely enforced.â The subsequent law, the Assault Weapons Ban-authoritatively named the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act-prohibited various rifles characterized as â€Å"assault weapons,† including numerous self-loader andâ military-style rifles, for example, the AK-47 and SKS. 2004: The Assault Weapons Ban Sunsets A Republican-controlled Congress would not pass the reauthorization of the Assault Weapons Ban in 2004, permitting it to terminate. Firearm control supporters scrutinized President George W. Bramble for not effectively compelling Congress to reestablish the boycott, while firearm rights advocates reprimanded him for showing that he would sign a reauthorization if Congress passed it. 2008: D.C. v. HellerIs a Major Setback for Gun Control Weapon rights defenders were excited in 2008 when the U.S. Incomparable Court governed in District of Columbia v. Heller that the Second Amendment stretches out weapon proprietorship rights to people. The choice certified a prior choice by a lower bids court and struck down handgun bans in Washington D.C. as illegal. The Court decided that the District of Columbia’s all out prohibition on handguns in the house was unlawful in light of the fact that the boycott was in opposition to the Second Amendment’s motivation behind self-protection an aim of the change at no other time recognized by the Court. The case was praised as the principal Supreme Court case to certify the privilege of a person to keep and carry weapons as per the Second Amendment. The decision applied distinctly to government enclaves, be that as it may, for example, the District of Columbia. Judges didn't say something regarding the Second Amendment’s application to the states. Writing in the Courts lion's share sentiment, Justice Antonin Scalia composed that the â€Å"people† ensured constantly Amendment are the equivalent â€Å"people† secured by the First and Fourth Amendments. â€Å"The Constitution was composed to be comprehended by the voters; its words and expressions were utilized in their typical and standard as recognized from specialized meaning.†Ã¢ 2010: Gun Owners Win Another Victory in McDonald v. Chicago Firearm rights supporters won their second major Supreme Court triumph in 2010 when the high court asserted a people option to claim weapons in McDonald v. Chicago. The decision was an unavoidable follow-up to D.C. v. Heller andâ marked the first occasion when that the Supreme Court decided that the arrangements of the Second Amendment stretch out to the states. The decision upset a previous choice by a lower court in a legitimate test to Chicago’s statute restricting the ownership of handguns by its residents. 2013: Obama's Proposals Fail Federally yet Gain State Traction After the shooting of 20 first-graders in Newtown, Connecticut, and 12 individuals in an Aurora, Colorado, moviehouse, President Barack Obama proposed stricter weapon control laws. His arrangement required individual verifications for all firearm deals, required the restoration and fortifying of the attack weapons boycott, restricted ammo magazines to 10 adjusts, and included different measures. While these proposition didn't prevail at the national level, various individual states started to fix their laws likewise. 2017: Proposed Gun Control Law Stall The Background Check Completion Act was presented on Oct. 5, 2017, not exactly seven days after the dangerous Oct. 1 mass shooting in Las Vegas. The Background Check Completion Act would close a present escape clause in the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act that permits firearm deals to continue if a personal investigation isn't finished following 72 hours, regardless of whether the weapon purchaser isn't lawfully permitted to buy a weapon. The bill has slowed down in Congress. 2018: Parkland School Shooting Sparks a National Student Movement and State Legislation On Feb. 14, a school shooting at Marjorie Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, murdered 17 individuals and harmed 17 others. This was the deadliest secondary school shooting in U.S. history. Understudy survivors made the lobbyist bunch Never Again MSD and sorted out earth shattering across the country fights and walkouts by understudies. Starting at July 2018, only five

Success and Failure of Intelligence essay

Achievement and Failure of Intelligence article Achievement and Failure of Intelligence article Achievement and Failure of Intelligence essayHistorically, insight had a significant influence in military tasks and wars. Be that as it may, insight tasks may have positive as well as negative consequences for military activities just as the level of influence between contradicting parties. Now, it is conceivable to allude to the experience of the US and allies’ insight during World War II, when the knowledge endured the two victories and disappointments. In such manner, it is conceivable to allude to the instance of the disappointment of the US knowledge to anticipate the assault of the Japanese on Pearl Harbor and the accomplishment of the allies’ insight in revealing the best approach to split Enigma, German encryption framework utilized in the correspondence of Germans. These two cases uncover the full degree to which the insight tasks might be powerful and influence results of enormous scope military clashes. Then again, the disclosure of the disappointment of the US insight in Pearl Harbor shows the significance of the knowledge as the office that can anticipate and forestall enormous scope military tasks and disappointments of the national resistance framework. In this way, victories and disappointments of the insight show that the knowledge has a significant influence in military tasks, wars just as socio-political advancement of countries and the compelling exhibition of knowledge can assist countries with taking a more grounded position in the serious battle among countries and global relations.The disappointment of the US insight in Pearl Harbor is a verifiable truth just as the breaking of Enigma is a famous accomplishment of the allies’ insight. In any case, from the logical perspective, the disappointment or accomplishment of the knowledge ought to be grounded on the disclosure of realities and proof that demonstrate that the specific insight activity. In such manner, to decide if the specific knowledge activity was a triumph or disappointment, it is conceivable to expand standards which mark the achievement of the insight activity. Rules of the effective insight activity incorporate a few key components (Cook, 2006). Initially, the insight activity is fruitful, on the off chance that it has made damages the adversary. Actually, a definitive objective of the knowledge activity is acquiring the objective data or fruition of the objective activity effectively that will straightforwardly or in a roundabout way hurt the adversary. For example, regardless of whether the insight activity doesn't prompt the demolition of the adversary foundation, however assists with uncovering certain data about the enemy’s framework, at that point the knowledge will debilitate the situation of the foe in light of the fact that the gathering leading the military activity will know frail focuses in the guard line of the enemy.Second, the knowledge activity is fruitful, in the event that it was led securely for specialis ts and different partners associated with the activity. The security of specialists is significant on the grounds that, first, the knowledge organization needs to put assets into preparing of its operators that implies that the loss of specialists is expensive. Second, the loss of operators debilitates the situation of the knowledge that normally can't be the marker of achievement of the military activity. Thusly, the wellbeing of specialists is certainly the proof of the accomplishment of the insight operation.Third, the knowledge activity is effective, on the off chance that it permits sparing existence of officers and regular people of the gathering that directs the knowledge activity or those of its partners. One of the essential objectives of any insight activity is the security of officers and regular people. The insurance of warriors and regular folks and upgrade of their security demonstrates that the knowledge activity is successful.Fourth, the insight activity is fruitful, on the off chance that it adds to sparing offices, framework, military gear and different things basic for the effective military tasks of the gathering directing the insight activity. The assurance of offices and framework is another need of knowledge tasks, particularly, in the event that they are directed during the wartime. On the off chance that knowledge tasks secure the foundation and offices of the gathering that leads the insight activity then such knowledge activity is unquestionably successful.Fifth, the insight activity is fruitful, if its results have a for the most part constructive outcome on the specific military clash and equalization of forces of gatherings engaged with the war. Insight activities directed during the wartime ought to have the durable constructive outcomes and welcome positive effect on the situation of the military of the gathering leading the knowledge. Actually, genuinely fruitful knowledge tasks may have the determinant impact on the advancemen t of military clashes and huge scope wars.Sixth, the effective insight activity stays unnoticed for the foe until unsafe impacts of the activity become clear or much after the finish of the military clash. The knowledge generally works subtly. In this way, on the off chance that activities of the knowledge office are revealed, at that point they fizzled, while, in actuality, on the off chance that the foe and open neglects to see the insight activity, at that point such activity is successful.The significant achievement of the insight during World War II was splitting Enigma, German cryptographic framework, which they utilized for radio and information transmission during the war. The activity was directed by universal insight powers, including Polish, French, American and British experts. They composed their activities and the insight organizations of the partners teamed up to break Enigma. Now, it merits referencing the way that the Enigma machine put together its figure capacitie s with respect to a progression of wired rotor haggles plugboard. Through a trap of inside wiring, every one of the 26 info contacts on the rotor were associated with an alternate yield contact. The wiring associations of one rotor contrasted from the associations on some other rotor (Cornwell, 2008). Moreover, every rotor had a moveable situation indent found on an external ring. The score constrained the rotor to one side to stage one spot forward. This indent could be moved to an alternate point on the rotor by pivoting the external ring. The Germans followed a day by day list, known as a key rundown, to demonstrate where the score ought to be set every day (Cornwell, 2008). Hypothetically, Enigma was viewed as very hard to break. Scientists (Cornwell, 2008) gauge that the Germans accepted the encryption created by the machine to be unbreakable. With a hypothetical number of figuring prospects of 3 X 10114, their conviction was not unjustified.Cracking Enigma was the consequences of the Polish advancement joined with a German double crosser gave by the French that brought about the significant accomplishment against Enigma, since the British and Americans got ready to grow their discoveries into breaking Enigma just as considerably stronger German Navy encryption. In such manner, it merits referencing the way that the Navy had the key impact in the national security of the UK in light of the fact that the forward leap of the Navy barrier line would prompt the opening the path for handling the German armed force in the UK.The activity was directed securely and didn't cause setbacks among the partners associated with the activity. Truth be told, all members of the activities and specialists stayed safe and were not helpless against any arraignment or assaults from the piece of Germans. They had figured out how to finish the insight activity effectively without being revealed by the foe. This is the reason the activity directed by the allies’ knowledge to break Enigma was effective. Simultaneously, it is imperative to put accentuation on the way that the knowledge procedure on splitting Enigma included the enormous scope participation of specialists and insight organizations universally. The insight activity included experts from Poland, France, the UK and the US and even a German double crosser. Hence, the activity included an enormous number of individuals that evidently expanded the danger of its disappointment on the grounds that the more there are individuals associated with the insight activity the higher is the danger of the disappointment of the activity. If there should arise an occurrence of the insight procedure on splitting Enigma all experts chipping away at the activity had figured out how to endure and stayed unfamiliar by the adversary. This is the reason this activity was obviously successful.Success and Failure of Intelligence  essay 2

Theme of Family in Works of Louise Erdrich and Sherman Alexie

Theme of Family in Works of Louise Erdrich and Sherman Alexie Theme of Family in the Poem Dear John and the Short Story Oct 30, 2018 in Literature Theme of Family Values in a Poem and Short Story Family is the most actual subject for poems, short stories and novels. It is broad in its meaning and can include family issues, family values, traditions, customs, and relationships between family members. Without a doubt, every author has his/her attitude to family issues, and this refers to their origin, education, growing and family values. Therefore, the poem Dear John Wayne written by Louise Erdrich and the short story War Dances by Sherman Alexie are the objects for analysis of the family theme. This essay intends to explain the ways of revealing the family values in a poem and short story.

Planning Personal Fitness Program Essay - 3414 Words

Planning Personal Fitness Program Introduction My personal fitness program is designed to enhance my speed, agility and cardio-vascular fitness, as well as to improve my skill level in the main parts of tennis. To improve these aspects of my performance I will be doing a six-week course involving, in particular, a circuit-training course, as well as numerous endurance runs and fitness techniques, some of which will be included in my circuit. A circuit involves a series of around 6-10 activities or exercises which each take place at a station. I have 8 stations in my circuit, each focusing on improving separate aspects of tennis and fitness. The stations are done with very little rest in†¦show more content†¦For much of my programme I will be working with a partner, which will increase my safety as they can call for or give help as necessary. I will be training at the Weald Tennis Club in Hassocks, who will provide me with tennis balls as well as courts and nets that are an appropriate size for my circuit, or at the sc hool tennis courts where I will need my own balls; I will use my own tennis racket. The main risk of injury is from overusing my right arm and shoulder, which could cause overuse injuries such as tennis elbow. To prevent these as best as possible I will be carrying out thorough warm ups before each session in my programme, and a thorough warm down at the end of each session. The stations in my circuit will vary in length to accommodate my different levels of ability for each of the different stations exercises. The stations in the circuit are all designed in accordance with my weaknesses and other areas of my game that I want to improve on. They are all very different exercises, which helps to relieve tedium, as well as giving resting time from the more tiring activities whilst giving rest from the less arduous ones. Because I am fairly fit from playing tennis throughout the summer, and from games at school, I will not need to concentrate as hard on the fitness improving stations in my circuit, though I will beShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Agency / Organization : Life Time Fitness1366 Words   |  6 PagesKeelie Arneson 11-02-15 Larson Strategic Planning Overview of Agency/Organization Life Time Fitness was founded in 1990 as a Minnesota corporation under the name FCA. It wasn’t until 1992 that the name Life Time Fitness was registered for use. In July 1992, Bahram Akradi opened the first Life Time Fitness center in Brooklyn, Minnesota, roughly calculating 30,000 square feet in size. In order to open Life Time Fitness, Afraid had to convert all of his assets into cash as well as join up with aRead MorePersonal Trainer, Inc. 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Capital Punishment And The Death Penalty - 1152 Words

For as long as our country has been in effect; we have created a culture of killing through the use of the death penalty. Capital punishment used to be very popular back in the 1600s but this is 2015 and things need to change. This USA is in league with Syria, Afghanistan, North Korea, and Iraq in enacting the death penalty. Why are we still accepting it as a form of punishment when so few accept it? Furthermore, several studies and research have shown that taking the life of another human being through capital punishment only perpetuates a cycle of violence. Also other research has shown that flaws in our justice system has led to innocent being prosecuted, guilty being set free, and a plethora of other biases being present during capital punishment cases. The whole process is flawed in many ways, but the scariest part about it is that very little has been done to change it. 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Capital punishment may be defined as the â€Å"[e]xecution of an offender sentenced to death after conviction by a court of law of a criminal offense† (Capital Punishment). Up until 1846, when Michigan became the first to abolish the death sentence, all states allowed legal practice of capital punishment by the government (States). Currently, there 32 states still supporting the death penalty and 18Read MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment1480 Words   |  6 Pagesjustice system, such as the death penalty. Capital punishment has been used many times in history all around the world, and it was quite popular. Many people argue that capital punishment is useful in deterring crime and that it is only fair that criminals receive death as punishment for a heinous crim e. On the contrary, others see the death penalty as a violation of the 8th amendment. It restricts excessive fines, and it also does not allow cruel and unusual punishment to be inflicted upon criminals

Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 44~45 Free Essays

string(68) " He heard the guard shout, and he was sure he’d been spotted\." 44 Revealed: The Perfect Couple Back at his bungalow, an argument went on in the still-sober brain of Tucker Case. I am scum. I should have told them to shove it. We will write a custom essay sample on Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 44~45 or any similar topic only for you Order Now But they might have killed you. Yeah, but I would have at least had my integrity. Your what? Get real. But I’m scum. Big deal. You’ve been scum before. You’ve never owned a Learjet before. You actually think they’ll give me the jet? It could happen. Stranger things have happened. But I should do something about this. Why? You’ve never done anything before. Well, maybe it’s time. No way. Take the jet. I’m scum. Well, yes, you are. But you’re rich scum. I can live with that. The dog tags and Jefferson Pardee’s notebook lay on the coffee table, threatening to set off another fusillade of doubt and condemnation. Tuck lay back on the rattan couch and turned on the television to escape the noise in his mind. Skinny Asian guys were beating the snot out of each other in a kickboxing match from the Philippines. The Malaysian channel was showing how to fillet a schnauzer. The cooking show reminded him of surgery, and surgery reminded him that there was a beautiful island girl lying in the clinic, recovering from an unnecessary major surgery that he could have prevented. Definitely kickboxing. He was just getting into the rhythm of the violence when the bat came through the window and made an awkward swinging landing on one of the bungalow’s open rafters. Tuck lost his breath for a minute, thinking there might just be a wild animal in his house. Then he saw the sunglasses. Roberto steadied himself into a slightly swinging upside-down hang. Tuck sighed. â€Å"Please just be a bat in sunglasses tonight. Please.† Thankfully, the bat said nothing. The sunglasses were sliding off his nose. â€Å"How do you fly in those things?† Tuck said, thinking out loud. â€Å"They’re aviators.† â€Å"Of course,† Tuck said. The bat had indeed changed from rhinestone glasses to aviators, but once you accept a talking bat, the leap to a talking bat with an eyewear wardrobe is a short one. Roberto dropped from the rafter and took wing just before he hit the floor. Two beats of his wings and he was on the coffee table, as awkward in his spiderlike crawl as he was graceful in the air. With his wing claw, he raked at Jefferson Pardee’s notebook until it was open to the middle, then he launched himself and flew out the window. Tuck picked up the notebook and read what Pardee had written. Tuck had missed this page when he had looked at the notebook before. This page had been stuck to the one before it; the bat’s clawing had revealed it. It was a list of leads that Pardee had made for the story he had been working on. The second item read: â€Å"What happened to the first pilot, James Sommers? Call immigration in Yap and Guam.† Tuck flipped through the notebook to see if he had missed something else. Had Pardee found out? Of course he had. He’d found out and he’d followed Sommers to the last place anyone had seen him. But where was Pardee? His notebook hadn’t come to the island without him. Tuck went through the notebook three more times. There were some foreign names and phone numbers. Something that looked like a packing list for a trip. Some notes on the background of Sebastian Curtis. Notes to check up on Japanese with guns. The word â€Å"Learjet† underlined three times. And nothing else. There didn’t seem to be any organizational form to the notes. Just random facts, names, places, and dates. Dates? Tuck went through it once more. On the third page in, all by itself, was printed: â€Å"Alualu, Sept. 9.† Tuck ran to the nightstand drawer, where the Curtises had left him a calendar. He counted back the days to the ninth and tried to put events to days. The ship had arrived on the ninth, and the morning of the tenth he had made his first flight. Jefferson Pardee could be lying in the clinic right now, wondering where in the hell his kidney was. If he was, Tuck needed to see him. Tuck looked in the closet for something dark to wear. This was going to be different than sneaking out to the village. There were no buildings between the guards’ quarters and the clinic, no trees, nothing but seventy-five yards of open compound. Darkness would be his only cover. It was a tropical-weight wet suit – two-mil neoprene – and it was two sizes two big, but it was the only thing in the closet that wasn’t khaki or white. In the 80-degree heat and 90-percent humidity, Tuck was reeling from the heat before he got the hood on. He stepped into the shower and soaked himself with cold water, then peeled the hood over his head and made his escape through the shower floor, dropping onto the wet gravel below. In the movies the spies – the Navy SEALS, the Special Forces, the demolition experts – always sneak through the night in their wet suits. Why, Tuck wondered, don’t they squish and slosh and make squeaking raspberry noises when they creep? Must be special training. You never hear James Bond say, â€Å"Frankly, Q, I’ll trade the laser-guided cufflink missiles for a wet suit that doesn’t make me feel like a bloody bag of catsick.† Which is how Tuck felt as he sloshed around the side of the clinic and peeked across the compound at the guard on duty, who seemed to be looking right at him. Tuck pulled back around the corner. He needed a diversion if he was going to make it to the clinic door unseen. The moon was bright, the sky clear, and the compound of white coral gravel reflected enough light to read by. He heard the guard shout, and he was sure he’d been spotted. He flattened against the wall and held his breath. Then there were more Japa-nese from across the compound, but no footsteps. He ventured a peek. The guard was gesturing toward the sky and brushing his head. Two other guards had joined him and were laughing at the guard on duty. He seemed to get angrier, cursing at the sky and wiping his hand on his uniform. The other guards led him inside to calm him down and clean him up. Tuck heard a bark from the sky and looked up to see the silhouette of a huge bat against the moon. Roberto had delivered a guano air strike. Tuck had his diversion. He slipped around the front of the building, grabbed the doorknob, and turned. It was unlocked. Given Beth Curtis’s irritation at being buzzed and the amount of wine she’d consumed, Tuck had guessed that she’d get tired locking and unlocking the door. What did Mary Jean always say? â€Å"Ladies, if you do your job and assume that everyone else is incompetent, you will seldom be disappointed.† Amen, Tuck thought. He squished into the outer room of the clinic, which was dark except for the red-eyed stare of a half-dozen machines and the dancing glow of a computer screen running a screen saver. He’d try to get into that later, but now he was interested in what, or who, lay in the small hospital ward, two rooms back. He sloshed into the examination/operating room by the light of more LED eyes and pushed through the curtain to the four-bed ward. Only one bed held a patient – or what looked like a patient. The only light was a green glow from a heart monitor that blipped away silently, the sound turned off. Whoever was in the bed was certainly large enough to be Jeffer-son Pardee. There were a couple of IVs hanging above the patient. Probably painkillers after such major surgery, Tuck thought. He moved closer and ventured a whisper. â€Å"Pst, Pardee.† The lump under the covers moved and moaned in a distinctly unmasculine voice. â€Å"Pardee, it’s Tucker Case. Remember?† The sheet was thrown back and Tuck saw a thin male face in the green glow. â€Å"Kimi?† â€Å"Hi, Tucker.† Kimi looked down at the other person under the covers. â€Å"You remember Tucker? He all better now.† The pretty island girl said, â€Å"I take care of you when you sick. You stink very much.† Tuck backed off a step. â€Å"Kimi, what are you doing here?† â€Å"Well, she like pretty thing, and I like pretty thing. She tired of having many means and so am I. We have a lot in common.† â€Å"He the best,† Sepie added with an adoring smile at Kimi. Kimi handed the smile off to Tuck. â€Å"Once you be a woman, you know how to make a woman happy.† Tuck was getting over the initial surprise and began to smell the smoke of his beautiful island girl fantasy as it caught fire and burned to ash. He hadn’t realized how much time he’d spent thinking about this girl. She, after all, was the one who had revived his manhood. Sort of. â€Å"You right,† Kimi said. â€Å"Women are better. I am lesbian now.† â€Å"You shouldn’t be doing this. This girl just had major surgery.† â€Å"Oh, we not doing nothing but kissing. She very hurt. But this make it better.† Kimi held his arm up, displaying an IV line. â€Å"You want to try? Put in you arm and push button. It make you feel very very nice.† â€Å"That’s for her, Kimi. You shouldn’t be using it.† â€Å"We share,† Sepie said. â€Å"Yes, we share,† Kimi said. â€Å"I’m very happy for you. How in the hell did you get in here?† â€Å"Like you get out. I swim around mimes and come here to see Sepie. No problem.† â€Å"You don’t want to let them catch you. You’ve got to go. Now.† â€Å"One more push.† Sepie held the button, ready to administer another dose of morphine to Kimi. Tuck grabbed it from her hand. â€Å"No. Go now. How did you know about the mines?† â€Å"I have other friend. Sarapul. I teach him how to be a navigator. He know a lot of things too. He a cannibal.† â€Å"You’re a cannibal lesbian?† â€Å"Just learning. How come you have rubber suit? You kinky?† â€Å"Sneaky. Look, Kimi, have you seen a fat white guy, an American?† â€Å"No, but Sarapul see him. He see the guards take him from the beach. He not here?† â€Å"No. I found his notebook. I met him on Truk.† â€Å"Sarapul say he see the guards bring him to the Sorcerer. He say it very funny, the white man wear pigs with wings.† Tuck felt his face go numb. All that was left of Pardee was a pelvic bone wedged in the reef, stripped of flesh and wrapped in flying piggy shorts. Oh, there might be the odd kidney left alive in someone in Japan, a kidney that he had delivered. Had the fat man died on the operating table during the operation, the surgery too much for his heart? Or was he put under and never meant to wake up? Tuck suddenly felt that getting into the doctor’s computer was more important than ever. He grabbed Kimi’s arm and pulled the IV needle out of his vein. The navigator didn’t resist, and he didn’t seem to feel it. â€Å"Kimi, see if you can get that back in Sepie’s arm and come with me.† â€Å"Okay boss.† Tuck looked down at the girl, who had evidently picked up on the panic in his voice. Her eyes were wide, despite the morphine glaze. â€Å"Don’t buzz the doctor until after we’re gone. This button will let you have only so much morphine, and Kimi’s used some of yours. But if it hurts, you still have to wait, okay?† She nodded. Kimi crawled out of the bed and nearly fell. Tuck caught him by the arm and steadied him. â€Å"I am chosen,† Sepie said. â€Å"When Vincent comes, he will give me many pretty things.† Tuck brushed back her hair with his fingers. â€Å"Yes, he will. You sleep now. And thank you for taking care of me when I was sick.† Kimi kissed the girl and after a minute Tuck pulled him away and led him through the operating room to the office section of the clinic. In the glow of the computer screen, Tuck said, â€Å"Kimi, the doctor and his wife are killing people.† â€Å"No, they not. They sent by Vincent. Sepie say Vincent come from Heaven to bring people many good things. They very poor.† â€Å"No, Kimi, they are bad people. Like Malcolme. They are taking advantage of Sepie’s people. They are just pretending to be working for a god.† â€Å"How you know? You no believe in God.† Tuck took the boy by the shoulders. He was no longer angry or even irritated, he was afraid, and for the first time ever, not just for himself. â€Å"Kimi, can you swim back around the mines?† â€Å"I think.† â€Å"You’ve got to go to the other side of the island and you can’t come back. If the guards find you I’m pretty sure you’ll be killed.† â€Å"You just want Sepie for yourself. She tell me you follow her.† â€Å"I’ll check on her and I’ll meet you at the drinking circle tomorrow night – tell you how she’s doing. I won’t touch her, I promise. Okay?† â€Å"Okay.† Kimi leaned against the wall by the door. Tuck studied him for a moment to try and determine just how fucked up he was. It wasn’t a difficult swim. Tuck had done it stone drunk, but he’d been wearing fins and a mask and snorkel. â€Å"You’re sure you can swim?† Kimi nodded and Tuck cracked the door. The moon had moved across the sky throwing the front of the clinic in shadow. The guard across the compound was reading a magazine by flashlight. â€Å"When you get outside, go left and get behind the building.† The navigator stepped out, slid down the side of the building and around the corner. Tuck heard him trip and fall and swear softly in Filipino. â€Å"Shit,† Tuck said to himself. He glanced at the computer. It would have to wait. He slid out the door, palming it shut behind him, then followed the navigator around the building. He heard the guard shout from across the compound, and for once in his life, Tuck made a definitive decision. He grabbed the navigator under the arms and ran. 45 Confessions Over Tee Tucker Case dreamed of machine-gun fire and jerked as the bullets ripped into his back. He tossed forward into the dirt, mouth filling with sand, smothering him as the life drained out of a thousand ragged wounds, and still the guns kept firing, the rhythmic reports pounding like a violet storm of timpanis, like a persistent fist on a rickety door. â€Å"Just let me die!† Tuck screamed, most of the sound caught by his pillow. It was a persistent fist on a rickety door. â€Å"Mr. Case, rise and shine,† said a cheery Sebastian Curtis. â€Å"Ten minutes to tee time.† Tuck rolled into the mosquito netting, became entangled, and ripped it from the ceiling. He was still wearing his wet suit and the fragile netting clung to it like cobwebs. He arrived at the door looking like a tattered ghost fresh out of Davy Jones’s locker. â€Å"What? I can’t fly. I can’t even fucking walk. Go away.† Tuck was not a morning person. Sebastian Curtis stood in the doorway beaming. â€Å"It’s Wednesday,† he said. â€Å"I thought you might want to play a few holes.† Tuck looked at the doctor through bloodshot eyes and several layers of torn mosquito netting. Behind Curtis stood one of the guards, sans machine gun, with a golf bag slung over his shoulder. â€Å"Golf?† Tuck said. â€Å"You want to play golf?† â€Å"It’s a different game here on Alualu, Mr. Case. Quite challenging. But then, you’ve been practicing, haven’t you?† â€Å"Look, Doc, I didn’t sleep well last night†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Could be the wet suit, if you don’t mind my saying. Here in the tropics, you want fabrics that breathe. Cotton is best.† Tuck was beginning to come around, and as he did, he found he was focusing an intense hatred on the doctor. â€Å"I guess we know who got laid last night.† Curtis looked down and smiled coyly. He was actually embarrassed. Tuck couldn’t quite put it together. The doc didn’t seem to have any problem with killing people or taking their organs – or both – but he was blushing at the mention of sex with his wife. Tuck glared at him. Curtis said, â€Å"You’d better change. The first tee is out in front of the hangar. I’ll go down and practice a few drives while you get dressed.† â€Å"You do that,† Tuck said. He slammed the door. Twenty minutes later Tuck, his hair still wet from the shower, joined Curtis and the guard in front of the hangar. He was feeling the weight of three nights with almost no sleep, and his back ached from dragging Kimi across the compound, then towing him in the water to the far side of the minefield. The guard had never caught up to them, but he had come to the edge of the water and shouted, waving his machine gun until Tuck and Kimi were out of sight. â€Å"We’ll have to share a set of clubs,† Curtis said. â€Å"But perhaps now that you’ve decided to stay, we can order you a set.† â€Å"Swell,† Tuck said. He couldn’t be sure, but he thought the guard might be the same one that had chased them to the beach. Tuck sneered at him and he looked away. Yep, he was the one. â€Å"This is Mato. He’ll be caddying for us today.† The guard bowed slightly. Tuck saluted him with a middle finger. If the doctor saw the gesture, he didn’t comment. He was lining the ball up on a small square of Astro Turf with a rubberized pad on the bottom. â€Å"We have to hit off of this. At least until someone invents a gravel wedge.† He laughed at his own joke. Tuck forced a smile. â€Å"The Shark People covered this entire island with gravel hundreds of years ago. Keeps the topsoil from being washed away in typhoons. This first hole is a dogleg to the left. The pin is behind the staff’s quarters about a hundred yards.† â€Å"Doc, now that we’ve come clean, why don’t we call them the guards?† â€Å"Very well, Mr. Case. Would you like honors?† â€Å"Call me Tuck. No, you go ahead.† Curtis hit a long bad hook that arced around the guards’ quar ters and landed out of sight in a stand of palm trees behind the building. â€Å"I have to admit that I may have a bit of an advantage. I’ve laid out the course to accommodate my stroke. Most of the holes are doglegs to the left.† Tuck nodded as if he understood what Curtis was talking about, then took the driver from the doctor and hit his own shot, a grounder that skipped across the gravel to stop fifty yards in front of them. â€Å"Oh, bad luck. Would you like to take a McGuffin?† â€Å"Blow me, Doc,† Tuck said as he walked away toward his ball. â€Å"I guess not, then.† The pins were bamboo shafts driven into the compound, the holes were lined with old Coke cans with the tops cut off. The best part about it was that Tuck was able to deliver several vicious high-velocity putts into the shins of Mato, who was tending the pins. The worst part was that now that Curtis considered Tuck a confidant, he decided to open up. â€Å"Beth is quite a woman, isn’t she? Did I tell you how we met?† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"I was at a transplant symposium in San Francisco. Beth is quite the nurse, the best I’ve ever seen in an operating room, but she wasn’t working as a nurse when I met her.† â€Å"Oh, good,† Tuck said. Curtis seemed to be waiting for Tucker to ask. Tucker was waiting for the guard to rat him out for sneaking out of the compound last night. â€Å"She was a dancer in North Beach. An exotic dancer.† â€Å"No shit.† Tuck said. â€Å"Are you shocked?† Curtis obviously wanted him to be shocked. â€Å"No.† â€Å"She was incredible. The most incredible woman I had ever seen. She still is.† â€Å"But then, you’ve been a missionary on a remote island for twenty-eight years,† Tuck said. Curtis picked his club for the next shot: the seven iron. â€Å"What’s this?† â€Å"Looks like blood and feathers,† Tuck said. Curtis handed the club to Mato for him to clean it. â€Å"Beth did a dance with surgical tubing and a stethoscope that took my breath away.† â€Å"Pretty common,† Tuck said. â€Å"Choke you with the surgical tubing and use the stethoscope to make sure you haven’t done the twitching fish.† â€Å"Really?† Curtis said. â€Å"You’ve seen a woman do that?† Tuck put on his earnest young man face. â€Å"Seen? You didn’t notice the ligature marks on my neck when you examined me?† â€Å"Oh, I see,† Curtis said. â€Å"Still, I, at least, had never seen anything like it. She†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Curtis couldn’t seem to return to his story. â€Å"The wet suit this morning. Was that a sexual thing? I mean, most people would find it uncomfortable.† â€Å"No, I’m just trying to lose a little weight.† Curtis looked serious now. â€Å"I don’t know if that’s such a good idea. You’re still very thin from your ordeal in getting here.† â€Å"I’d like to get down to about eight pounds,† Tuck said. â€Å"There’s a big Gandhi revival thing going on back in the States. Guys who look like they’re starving have to beat the babes off with a stick. Started with female fashion models, but now it’s moved to the men.† Curtis look embarrassed. â€Å"I guess I’m a bit out of touch. Beth tries to keep up with what’s going on in the States, but it, well, seems irrelevant out here. I guess I’ll be glad when this is all over and we can leave the island.† â€Å"Then why don’t you just leave? You’re a physician. You could open up a practice in the States and pull down a fortune without all this.† Curtis glanced at the guard, then looked back to Tuck. â€Å"A fortune maybe, but not a fortune like we’re accumulating now. I’m too old to start over at the bottom.† â€Å"You’ve got twenty-eight years’ experience. You said yourself that the people you take care of are the healthiest in the Pacific. You wouldn’t be starting over.† â€Å"Yes, I would. Mr. Case – Tuck – I’m a doctor, but I’m not a very good one.† Tuck had met a number of doctors in his life, but he had never met one who could bear to admit that he was incompetent at anything. It was a running joke among flight instructors that doctors made the worst students. â€Å"They think they’re gods. It’s our job to teach them that they’re mortal. Only pilots are gods.† This guy seemed so pathetic that Tuck had to remind himself that the good doctor was at least a double murderer. He watched Curtis hit a nice hundred-yard bloodstained seven iron to within ten feet of the pin, which was set up on a small patch of grass near the beach. Tuck chased down his own skidding thwack of a nine iron that had landed between the roots of a walking tree, an arboreal oddity that sat atop a three-foot teepee of tangled roots and gave the impression that it might move off on its own power at any moment. Tuck was hoping that it would. The caddie followed Tuck, and when they were out of earshot of the doctor, he turned to face the stoic Japanese. â€Å"You can’t tell him, can you?† The guard pretended not to understand, but Tuck saw that he was getting it, even if only by inflection. â€Å"You can’t tell him and you can’t fucking shoot me, can you? You killed the last pilot and that got you in a world of trouble, didn’t it? That’s why you guys follow me like a bunch of baby ducks, isn’t it?† Tuck was guessing, but it was the only logical explanation. Mato glanced toward the doctor. â€Å"No,† Tuck said. â€Å"He doesn’t know that I know. And we’re not going to tell him, are we? Just shake your head if you’re getting this.† The guard shook his head. â€Å"Okay, then, here’s the deal. I’ll let you guys look like you’re doing your job, but when I wave you off, you’re gone. You hear me? I want you guys off my ass. You tell your buddies, okay?† The guard nodded. â€Å"Can you speak any English at all?† â€Å"Hai. A rittle.† â€Å"You guys killed the pilot, didn’t you?† â€Å"He tly to take prane.† Mato looked as if the words were painful for him to form. Tuck nodded, feeling heat rise in his face. He wanted to smash the guard’s face, knock him to the ground, and kick him into a glob of goo. â€Å"And you killed Pardee, the fat American man.† Mato shook his head. â€Å"No. We don’t.† â€Å"Bullshit!† â€Å"No, we†¦we†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He was searching for the English word. â€Å"What?† â€Å"We take him, but not shoot.† â€Å"Take him where? To the clinic?† The guard shook his head violently. Not saying no, but trying to say that he couldn’t say. â€Å"What happened to the fat man?† â€Å"He die. Hospital. We put him water.† â€Å"You took his body to the edge of the reef, where the sharks would find it?† The guard nodded. â€Å"And the pilot? You put him in the same place?† Again the nod. â€Å"What’s going on. Are you going to hit or not?† Tuck and the guard looked up like two boys caught trading curses in the schoolyard. Curtis had come back down the fairway to within fifty feet of them. Tuck pointed to his ball. â€Å"Kato here won’t let me move that out for a shot. I’ll take the penalty stroke, Doc. But hell, we don’t have mutant trees like that in Texas. It’s unnatural.† Curtis looked sideways at Tuck’s ball, then at Mato. â€Å"He can move it. No penalty. You’re a guest here, Mr. Case. We can let you bend a few rules.† Curtis did not smile. Suddenly he seemed very serious about his golf. â€Å"We’re partners now, Doc,† Tuck said. â€Å"Call me Tuck.† How to cite Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 44~45, Essay examples

Othello - A Racist Play Essays - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio

Othello - A Racist Play? Although there are lots of things to suggest this is a racist play I don't think that racism actually dominates the play, even though it has a racist theme. There is a romantic union between black and white which gets destroyed because most people think the relationship is wrong. At the time the play was written, 1604, even the Queen of England was racist so there must have been a strong hatred of blacks around that time. Most racist comments in the play are said by people that are angry or upset. For example, when Emilia found out that Othello had killed Desdemona she was extremely mad and she called Othello a "Blacker devil", this was the only time in the play that she had said anything racist about Othello. The main characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hatred of Othello as the basis for their racist actions and comments towards him. Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello right from the start. What sparks off Iago's hate towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant , it was Cassio who was chosen instead of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact that Cassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen instead of him. Iago does not say anything racist to Othello's face but he has a lot to say against him behind his back. He schemes to destroy Othello and anything in his way including Cassio and Desdemona. The first time we hear one of his racist comments is when he's talking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, "Even now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe". Iago says this to try and turn Brabantio against Othello. Iago uses racist comments all the way through the play, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for example calling him a "Barbary Horse". He never says anything racist to Othello's face because in his plot he had to be his best friend, so as not to make him suspicious that Iago was causing all the trouble for him. Iago is jealous of Othello for many reasons, one being that Othello has higher ranking in the army than him, and also he has a good marriage with Desdemona which Iago does not have himself with Emilia. These are the main causes of his hatred for Othello and the reason he adopts such a racist attitude. Roderigo is another one of the racist characters in the play, being so right from the start. He is Iago's accomplice and will do anything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the way Iago can twist a situation to make it sound as if Roderigo would get something good from it but in the end he doesn't. One of the racist names he calls Othello behind his back is "Thick-lips" . He hates Othello because he's jealous of him as he also loves Desdemona but cannot have her. I don't think he views Othello in a very bad, racist way but uses the racism against Othello because he's jealous of him. Neither Roderigo or Iago would say anything racist to Othello's face as he is the general of the army. Brabantio is also a racist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his daughter, Desdemona, has been seeing "the moor" behind his back. Brabantio is so mad he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racist view of his is because he's angry when he finds out that his daughter has been seeing this "moor". Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly make racist comments about Othello to his face such as, "lascivious moor", "Wheeling stranger". Brabantio can do this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds out that Othello had killed Desdemona